Iivalvu zolawulo loxinzelelo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngokulawula uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nokhuseleko. Ezi zivalo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kumacandelo afana neoli kunye negesi, apho balawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokugcina ukunyaniseka kwenkqubo. Imfuno yehlabathi yeivalve yokulawula uxinzeleloiyaqhubeka nokunyuka, iqhutywa kukuhambela phambili kwitekhnoloji yevalvu kunye nokwandisa iimfuno ezizenzekelayo. Ngokuthintela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, ezi zivalo zikhusela izixhobo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, zizenza zibe yimfuneko kwizicelo zale mihla zemizi-mveliso.
Ukuqonda ukusebenza kweeValuvu zoLawulo loxinzelelo
Iivalve zokulawula uxinzelelo zisebenza njengamacandelo abalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic, ziqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba oxinzelelo ahlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo. Ezi zivalo zenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, ukusuka ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ukugcina uxinzelelo olubekiwe kwiindawo ezithile zesekethe. Ngokuqonda umsebenzi wabo osisiseko kunye neentlobo, umntu unokukuxabisa ukubaluleka kwabo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso.
Ukusebenza okusisiseko kweeValuvu zoLawulo loxinzelelo
Uxinzelelo lulawulwa njani ngaphakathi kwenkqubo
Iivalvu zokulawula uxinzelelo zilawula uxinzelelo ngokulungelelanisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Bafezekisa oku ngokuvula okanye ukuvala ukuphendula utshintsho loxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela bagcina inqanaba loxinzelelo olufunwayo. Xa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ludlula umda omiselweyo, i-valve ivula ukuvumela uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo ukuba lubaleke, ukukhusela umonakalo onokuthi ube khona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa uxinzelelo lwehla ngaphantsi kwinqanaba elimiselweyo, i-valve ivala ukugcina uxinzelelo oluyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkqubo.
Amacandelo aphambili abandakanyekayo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo
Amacandelo amaninzi aphambili anegalelo ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo kweevalvu zokulawula uxinzelelo:
- Umzimba weValve: Igcina amalungu angaphakathi kwaye ibonelela ngendlela yokuhamba kwamanzi.
- Intwasahlobo: Ifaka amandla kwindlela yevalve, inceda ukugcina okanye ukulungelelanisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo.
- Spool okanye Poppet: Ukuhamba ngaphakathi komzimba wevalve ukuvula okanye ukuvala indlela yokuhamba, ilawula uxinzelelo.
- I-diaphragm okanye iPiston: Ukuphendula utshintsho lwengcinezelo, ukuncedisa ukuhamba kwe-spool okanye i-poppet.
Ezi zixhobo zisebenza kunye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ikhusela inkqubo kwi-overpressure okanye kwiimeko eziphantsi.
Iindidi zeeValufa zoLawulo loxinzelelo
Iivalve zokulawula uxinzelelo ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, nganye yenzelwe izicelo ezithile kunye neemfuno zokulawula uxinzelelo.
Iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo
Iivalve zokunciphisa uxinzelelo zigcina uxinzelelo oluphantsi, oluqhubekayo lwemveliso kungakhathaliseki ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo lwegalelo. Ziyimfuneko kwizicelo apho ulawulo oluchanekileyo luyimfuneko ukukhusela izixhobo ezibuthathaka okanye iinkqubo.
Iivalve zokunciphisa uxinzelelo
Iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo zikhusela iinkqubo kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ngokuvumela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ukuba lubaleke. Zivula ngokuzenzekelayo xa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ludlula umda omiselweyo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthintela umonakalo kwizixhobo.
Iivalvu zolandelelwano
Iivalvu zolandelelwano zilawula ulandelelwano lwemisebenzi kwisekethe ye-hydraulic. Baqinisekisa ukuba izenzo ezithile zenzeka ngokulandelelana kwangaphambili ngokugcina amanqanaba oxinzelelo olufunekayo kwisinyathelo ngasinye.
Iivalvu zokukhulula
Iivalve zokukhulula zisetyenziswa kwiisekethe ezisebenza nge-accumulator ukulawula uxinzelelo ngokwezoqoqosho. Baphambukisa uxinzelelo olugqithileyo ukubuyisela kwindawo yokugcina amanzi xa inkqubo ifikelela kwinqanaba elithile loxinzelelo, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukuguga kumalungu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeValuvu zoLawulo loxinzelelo kuwo wonke amaShishini
Iivalvu zolawulo loxinzelelo zifumana usetyenziso olubanzi kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nokhuseleko kwiinkqubo zokuphatha ulwelo. Ezi zivalo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwisantya sokuhamba, uxinzelelo, kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zenkqubo, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula imveliso kunye nokhuseleko.
Imveliso yoShishino
Ukusetyenziswa kwiiNkqubo zeHydraulic
Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, iivalvu zolawulo loxinzelelo zibalulekile kwiinkqubo zamanzi. Balawula uxinzelelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba oomatshini basebenza ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo, ukukhusela umonakalo kunye nokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle. Ngokulawula uxinzelelo, ezi zivalo zinceda ekufezekiseni ukunyakaza okuchanekileyo kunye nokusebenza kumatshini osebenza ngoxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, oyimfuneko kwimisebenzi efuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka.
Indima kwiiNkqubo zePeneumatic
Iinkqubo ze-pneumatic nazo zizuza kakhulu kwiivalve zokulawula uxinzelelo. Ezi zivalo zilawula uxinzelelo lomoya, ziqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ze-pneumatic kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Ngokugcina amanqanaba oxinzelelo angaguqukiyo, baphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kweenkqubo ze-pneumatic, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwemisebenzi efana nendibano, ukupakishwa, kunye nokuphathwa kwezinto.
Ishishini leoli negesi
Ulawulo loxinzelelo kwiMibhobho
Ishishini leoli kunye negesi lixhomekeke kakhulu kwiivalvu zokulawula uxinzelelo lokulawula uxinzelelo kwimibhobho. Ezi zivalo ziqinisekisa ukuthuthwa okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kweoli kunye negesi ngokulawula amanqanaba oxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nobungozi obunokwenzeka. Imfuno yezivalo ezinjalo iyaqhubeka nokunyuka njengoko ishishini lifuna ukwandisa ulawulo lwenkqubo kunye nokwandisa amanyathelo okhuseleko.
Izicelo zoKhuseleko kwiMisebenzi yoKwemba
Kwimisebenzi yokugaya, iivalve zokulawula uxinzelelo zisebenza njengezinto ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko. Banqanda iimeko zoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ezinokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwesixhobo okanye kwiingozi. Ngokugcina amanqanaba oxinzelelo afunekayo, ezi zivalo zinegalelo ekukhuseleni ngokubanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi yokomba, ebalulekileyo kwindawo enobungozi obuphezulu be-oyile kunye negesi.
Ulawulo lwamanzi kunye naManzi amdaka
Ukugcina uxinzelelo kuSabelo lwaManzi
Iivalve zokulawula uxinzelelo ziyimfuneko kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi. Zinceda ukugcina amanqanaba oxinzelelo angaguqukiyo, ziqinisekisa unikezelo lwamanzi oluthembekileyo kwiindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nabasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso. Ngokuthintela ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo, ezi zivalo zikhusela isiseko emonakalweni kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza kunye nokugqabhuka.
Usetyenziso kwiiNkqubo zeLindle
Kwiinkqubo zamanzi amdaka, iivalve zokulawula uxinzelelo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi amdaka. Baqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ikhusela umva kunye nokuphuphuma okungakhokelela ekungcoleni kwendalo. Ngokugcina amanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo, ezi zivalo zinegalelo kulawulo olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo lwamanzi amdaka, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
Ushishino lweemoto
Ukusetyenziswa kwiiNkqubo zeBraking
Iivalvu zolawulo loxinzelelo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuqhoboshwa kweemoto. Baqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic olufakwe kwiibhuleki luhlala luhambelana, lunika amandla okumisa okuthembekileyo. Ngokulawula uxinzelelo, ezi zivalo zinceda ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kweziqhoboshi zangaphambili nezingasemva, zithintela ukutshixwa kwevili kunye nokutyibilika. Olu lawulo luchanekileyo longeza ukhuseleko lwesithuthi, ngakumbi kwiimeko zonxunguphalo ezingxamisekileyo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwee-valve zokulawula uxinzelelo kwiinkqubo ze-braking kugxininisa ukubaluleka kwabo ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko kwizicelo zemoto.
Indima kwiiNkqubo zeFuel
Kwiinkqubo zamafutha emoto,iivalvu zokulawula uxinzelelozibalulekile ekugcineni uxinzelelo lwamafutha oluchanekileyo. Baqinisekisa ukuba injini ifumana unikezelo lwamafutha olungaguqukiyo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha kunye nokusebenza. Ngokulawula uxinzelelo, ezi zivalo zithintela ukuvuza kwamafutha kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, okunegalelo ekuzinzeni kokusingqongileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweevalve zokulawula uxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zamafutha kubonisa ukubaluleka kwazo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwesithuthi kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukugcina amanqanaba oxinzelelo oluchanekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba izithuthi zanamhlanje zihlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokukhupha ngelixa zihambisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Iivalvu zolawulo loxinzelelo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukhuseleko lwenkqubo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo. Balawula amanqanaba oxinzelelo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthintela umonakalo onokuthi ubekho. Ezi valves zifumana ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic, i-plumbing, i-oyile kunye negesi, kunye nemizi-mveliso yeemoto, phakathi kwezinye. Ngokulawula uxinzelelo ngokufanelekileyo, baphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokukhusela izixhobo. NjengokoiNgcali kwiiNkqubo zeHydraulicamanqaku, ezi valve zenza imisebenzi yolawulo ebalulekileyo, njengokunciphisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza kunye nokuseka iintshukumo zolandelelwano. Ukuguquguquka kwazo kunye nokuthembeka kwazo kuzenza zibe yinxalenye eyimfuneko kwizicelo zale mihla zemizi-mveliso.